White mushroom (birch and pine)
There are not so many types of porcini mushrooms, and all of them are extremely tasty both in fresh and in dried forms. In the forests of central Russia, the most common species are white birch mushroom and white pine mushroom. As the name implies, some of them are found in deciduous forests, while others are found in coniferous forests.
In this article, photos and descriptions of ceps and their varieties, information about double mushrooms and other interesting facts are offered to your attention.
Content
White mushroom and his photo
Category: edible.
White mushroom hat ((Boletus edulis) (diameter 8-30 cm):matte, slightly convex. It has a reddish, brown, yellow, lemon or dark orange color.
Pay attention to the photo of the cep: the edges of his cap are usually lighter than the dark center. The hat is smooth to the touch, often cracking in dry weather, and after rain it becomes shiny and slightly mucous. The skin is not separated from the pulp.
Leg (height 9-26 cm): Usually lighter than a hat - light brown, sometimes with a reddish tint. Like almost all flying ones, it narrows upward, has the shape of a cylinder, maces, less often a low barrel. Almost everything is covered with a mesh of bright veins.
Tubular layer: white, in old mushrooms it may be yellowish or olive. Easy to detach from the hat. Small pores have a rounded shape.
As can be seen in the photo of ceps, all of them have a strong, juicy pulp of pure white color, which over time changes to yellowish. Under the skin it may be dark brown or reddish. It does not have a pronounced smell.
Doubles: edible representatives of the family Flight and bile fungus (Tylopilus felleus). But the bile does not have such a dense pulp, and its tubular layer has a pinkish tint (in the cep mushroom it is white). True, the same shade may be in old porcini mushrooms. Another difference is that when pressed, the tubular layer of the bile fungus becomes distinctly reddish or brownish. And most importantly - the taste of the inedible bile fungus corresponds to the name, while the white one has a pleasant one.
When growing: from mid-July to the end of September. It is more common in wooded areas than on the plains. It is one of the few mushrooms distributed in the Arctic zone.
Where can I find: under firs, oaks and birches. More often in forests with trees over 50 years old, next to chanterelles, greenfinches and green russula. White mushroom does not like waterlogged, marshy and peaty soils.
Eating: It has excellent taste.
In different years, mushroom pickers found real record mushrooms. For example, a white mushroom found in the Moscow Region weighed almost 10 kg and had a hat diameter of almost 60 cm. In second place was a white mushroom cut under Vladimir. He weighed 6 kg 750 g.
Application in traditional medicine (data not confirmed and not passed clinical trials!): in a white mushroom, albeit in small doses, contains an antibiotic.This fungus is used to prevent tuberculosis and infections of the gastrointestinal tract, the broth enhances immunity and is especially useful after a serious illness, frostbite and complex forms of cancer have long been treated with tincture.
White birch mushroom: photos and doubles
Category: edible.
Hat birch cep (Boletus betulicolus) (diameter 6-16 cm) brilliant, can be almost white, as well as ocher or yellowish. Volumetric, but over time it becomes more flat. The touch is smooth.
Leg (height 6-12.5 cm): white or brownish, has the shape of an elongated barrel, solid.
Tubular layer: the length of the tubes is up to 2 cm, the pores are small, round.
Pulp: white and tasteless.
The counterparts of the birch porcini mushroom are all edible representatives of the Boletovye family and gall mushroom (Tylopilus felleus), which has nets on its leg, the tubular layer turns pink with age, and the flesh has a bitter taste.
Other names: spikelet (as the white birch mushroom is called in the Kuban, since it appears at the time when rye ripens).
When growing: from mid-July to early October in the Murmansk region, the Far Eastern region, Siberia, as well as in Western European countries.
Look at the photo of the birch porcini mushroom in nature - it grows under or near birch trees, on the forest edges. The Boletovy mushrooms are unique in that they can form mycorrhiza (symbiotic fusion) with more than 50 species of trees.
Eating: has great taste. You can cook, fry, dry, salt.
Application in traditional medicine: not applicable.
Boletus edulis pine (pine forest) and its photo
Category: edible.
White pine mushroom (Boletus pinicola) has a hat with a diameter of 7-30 cm, matte, with small tubercles and a network of fine wrinkles. Usually brown, less often with a reddish or purple hue, darker in the center. In young mushrooms, it has the shape of a hemisphere, then it becomes almost flat or slightly convex. It is dry to the touch, but in rainy weather it becomes slippery and sticky.
Pay attention to the photo of the legs of the white pine mushroom - its height is 8-17 cm, it has a mesh pattern or small tubercles. Leg is thick and short, expanding from top to bottom. Lighter than hats, often light brown, but can be in other shades.
Tubular layer: yellowish olive with frequent round pores.
As with other ceps, photos of which are presented on this page, the pine flesh pulp is dense and fleshy, white on the cut and smells like toasted nut.
The twins of this species of porcini mushroom are all edible representatives of the Boletovy family and the inedible bile fungus (Tylopilus felleus), whose tubular layer has a pinkish color.
When growing: from late June to early October in the European part of Russia and southern Siberia, as well as in Western Europe and central America.
Where can I find: Alone or in groups, it grows next to pine trees, less often not far from oaks, chestnuts, beeches and fir trees.
Eating: considered one of the most delicious mushrooms. It is used in any form - dried, boiled (especially in soups), fried or in preparations. It is best to pick young mushrooms, as the old ones are almost always wormy.
Application in traditional medicine: not applicable.
Other names of varieties of cep
Boletus edulis is often called: boletus, ladybug, grandmother, baby, belevik, brisket, capercaillie, good-natured, yolk, feather grass, horsemeat, horseworm, cow-sow, cow-shed, cowshed, cow’s, cow’s, mullein, bear tree, teddy bear, pan, cowberry, dear mushroom.
Another name for the pine boletus edulis is Boletus pine-lobed, boletus edulis.
